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Robonaut 2
DiscontinuedHumanoidRecently Updated
NASA / General Motors

Robonaut 2

The first humanoid robot sent to space. Developed jointly by NASA and General Motors, Robonaut 2 (R2) arrived at the International Space Station aboard STS-133 in February 2011. Designed to work alongside astronauts using the same tools they use, R2 features dexterous five-fingered hands with 12 degrees of freedom each. It operated on the ISS until 2018 when it was returned to Earth for repairs. As of 2024, R2 is on display at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.

Technical Specifications

Height

100cm (torso only)

Weight

150kg (with climbing legs)

Battery Life

Powered by ISS (no internal battery)

Charging Time

N/A (tethered power)

Max Speed

N/A (stationary/mounted)

AI Engine

Autonomous task execution with periodic status checks

Sensors & Technology

Stereo Cameras3D Time-of-Flight ImagerTouch Sensors (fingertips)Force/Torque SensorsOver 350 total sensors

Key Capabilities

Tool Use (same tools as astronauts)
Dexterous Manipulation
Autonomous Task Completion
Teleoperation
EVA Assistance
Grasping (5 lb per finger)
Arm Speed up to 2 m/s

Connectivity

Telepresence ControlGround Control Link

Certifications

ISS Flight Qualified

On This Page

Price TBD

Research project (not for sale)

Visit Official Site

Quick Facts

ManufacturerNASA / General Motors
CategoryHumanoid
StatusDiscontinued
Release Date2010
Last Verified5 days ago
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